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Weight Loss Patent Abstract
Compositions, and methods for administering the same to humans,
are provided for the promotion of healthy fast weight loss while
providing an excellent source of calcium and containing antioxidants.
The compositions preferably comprise three sources of calcium and
include at least one of Calcium Carbonate, Vitamin D, caffeine-free
Green Tea, Garcinia Cambogia Extract, Gymnema Sylvestre Extract,
Ginseng, Grape Skin Extract, Chromium Polynicotinate, and Policosanol.
The supplemental dietary composition may be suitable for individuals
on a calorie-restricted diet and exercise program.
Weight Loss Patent Claims
1. A supplemental dietary composition for at least one of promoting
weight loss, providing a source of calcium and providing antioxidants,
the composition comprising at least one of calcium and/or a salt
of calcium and garcinia cambogia extract.
2. The supplemental dietary composition of claim 1, wherein the
calcium is calcium carbonate and garcinia cambogia is standardized
to about 60% hydroxycitric acid.
3. The supplemental dietary composition of claim 1, further comprising
at least one of Garcinia Cambogia Extract, Gymnema Sylvestre Extract,
and Grape Skin Extract.
4. The supplemental dietary composition of claim 1, further comprising
mono-, di-, tri- or poly salts of garcinia cambogia comprising at
least one of Calcium Carbonate, Calcium Hydroxycitrate, and Potassium
hydroxycitrate.
5. The supplemental dietary composition of claim 1, further comprising
Calcium Carbonate, Calcium Hydroxycitrate and Whey mineral complex.
6. The supplemental dietary composition of claim 1, further comprising
chromium polynicotinate.
7. The supplemental dietary composition of claim 1, further comprising
at least one of caffeine-free Green Tea, American Ginseng, Whey
mineral complex and Policosanol.
8. The supplemental dietary composition of claim 1, further comprising
Vitamin D.
9. The supplemental dietary composition of claim 1, wherein the
calcium is present in an amount effective to at least one of provide
an excellent source of calcium, provide a source of vitamin D, enhance
the body's natural ability to burn fat, assist in preventing weight
gain, provide antioxidants, and increase fast weight loss.
10. The supplemental dietary composition of claim 1, where the
supplemental dietary composition includes a time release delivery
system, and wherein the timed release delivery system is one of
quick release, slow release and controlled release.
11. A method for one of promoting healthy weight loss, providing
a source of calcium and providing antioxidants, the method comprising
the steps of: ingesting a supplemental dietary composition that
includes at least one of calcium and a salt of calcium, and that
further includes a source of antioxidants.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the calcium is calcium carbonate.
13. The method of claim 11, the supplemental dietary composition
further comprising at least one of Garcinia Cambogia Extract, Gymnema
Sylvestre Extract, and Grape Skin Extract.
14. The method of claim 11, the supplemental dietary composition
further comprised of mono-, di-, tri- or poly salts of garcinia
cambogia comprising at least one of Calcium Carbonate, Calcium Hydroxycitrate,
and Potassium hydroxycitrate.
15. The method of claim 11, the supplemental dietary composition
further comprising Calcium Carbonate, Calcium Hydroxycitrate and
Whey mineral complex.
16. The method of claim 11, the supplemental dietary composition
further comprising chromium polynicotinate.
17. The method of claim 11, the supplemental dietary composition
further comprising at least one of caffeine-free Green Tea, American
Ginseng, Whey mineral complex and Policosanol.
18. The method of claim 11, the supplemental dietary composition
further comprising Vitamin D.
19. The method of claim 11, wherein the calcium is present in an
amount effective to at least one of enhance the body's natural ability
to burn fat, provide an excellent source of calcium, provide a source
of vitamin D, assist in preventing weight gain, provide antioxidants,
and increase fast weight loss.
20. The method of claim 11, wherein the supplemental dietary composition
includes a time release delivery system and wherein the timed release
delivery system is one of quick release, slow release and controlled
release.
21. A supplemental dietary composition that comprises: three sources
of calcium and/or salts of calcium; Garcinia Cambogia Extract; Gymnema
Sylvestre Extract; Grape Skin Extract; Whey Mineral Complex; Chromium
Polynicotinate; caffeine-free Green Tea; American Ginseng; Vitamin
D; and Policosanol, wherein the supplemental dietary composition
at least one of provides 100% of human daily calcium requirements,
enhances the body's ability to burn fat, and preserves lean body
mass.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the garcinia cambogia extract
provides hydroxycitric acid.
23. The method of claim 21, wherein the garcinia cambogia can be
a mon-, di-, tri-, or poly-salt and provides hydroxycitric acid.
Weight Loss Patent Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The application is related to and claims benefit of priority
to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/635,867, entitled
"Supplemental Dietary Compositions for Promoting Weight Loss,"
filed Dec. 14, 2004, the disclosure of which is hereby fully incorporated
by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to a supplemental dietary
composition that at least one of promotes healthy weight loss, is
an excellent source of calcium, and contains antioxidants, and to
a method of promoting same by consuming the supplemental composition.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0003] The present invention provides for supplemental dietary
composition including one or more sources of calcium, preferably
from more than one source and most preferably from three sources,
garcinia cambogia and/or gymnema sylvestre extracts, wherein the
supplemental dietary composition promotes healthy weight loss, provides
an excellent source of calcium, and provides antioxidants. In a
preferred embodiment, the composition includes calcium carbonate.
[0004] The present invention also provides, by the consumption
of the supplemental composition, a method of promoting healthy weight
loss, providing an excellent source of calcium, and providing antioxidants.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0005] As used herein, "an effective amount" refers to
an amount effective for inducing weight loss when administered,
e.g., as a serving three times a day over a period of time, e.g.,
several week(s), and most preferably for at least eight weeks. An
effective amount of the supplemental dietary composition is preferably
from about 0.1 g to about 10 g of the supplemental dietary composition.
More preferably, an effective amount of the composition comprises
from about 1 g to about 5 g of the supplemental dietary composition.
Most preferably, an effective amount of the supplemental dietary
composition comprises about 1.2 g to 4.5 g of the nutritional composition.
[0006] The present invention, according to various embodiments
thereof, is directed to a supplemental dietary composition that
includes, e.g., one or more of calcium, garcinia cambogia and gymnema
sylvestre extracts. Preferably, the calcium is provided from more
than one source and most preferably is provided from three sources.
The supplemental composition according to this invention promotes
healthy weight loss, provides an excellent source of calcium, and
provides antioxidants. In preferred embodiments, the compositions
include calcium carbonate.
[0007] According to various embodiments of the present invention,
the supplemental composition may be consumed in any form. For instance,
the dosage form of the supplemental composition may be provided
as, e.g., a capsule, a tablet, a caplet, a liquid beverage, a powder
beverage mix, a dietary gel, or as a ready-to-eat bar or drink product.
The most preferred dosage form is caplet.
[0008] Furthermore, the dosage form of the supplemental composition
in accordance with this embodiment may be provided in accordance
with customary processing techniques for herbal and/or dietary supplements
in any of the forms mentioned above. For instance, in the embodiment
in which the supplemental composition is provided is a capsule,
the active ingredients may be suitably processed and encapsulated
into capsules, e.g., cellulose, gelatin, etc., or compressed into
caplets with cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, stearic acid, magnesium
stearate, silica and other with suitable excipients. Those of skill
in the art will appreciate that the supplemental composition may
contain a variety of excipients.
[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, which is set
forth in greater detail in, e.g., Example 1 below, there is provided
a supplemental dietary composition for promoting healthy weight
loss that includes at least calcium carbonate. According to this
embodiment, the supplemental dietary composition provides a method
of promoting and supporting healthy weight loss, of providing an
excellent source of calcium, and of providing antioxidants. In this
manner, the consumption of the supplemental composition provides
for a method for promoting and supporting healthy weight loss, for
providing an excellent source of calcium, and also for providing
antioxidants. According to the example embodiment set forth below,
the supplemental composition may be provided and consumed in any
form, e.g., a capsule, a tablet, a caplet, a liquid beverage, a
powder beverage mix, a dietary gel, or as a ready-to-eat bar or
drink product. However, the preferred form for consumption of the
supplemental composition in accordance with the example embodiments
set forth below is a caplet.
[0010] Furthermore, the dosage form of the supplemental composition
in accordance with the example embodiments set forth below may be
provided in accordance with customary processing techniques for
herbal and/or dietary supplements, wherein the active ingredients
are suitably processed and compressed into, e.g., tablets and/or
caplets, with suitable excipients. Those of skill in the art will
appreciate that the supplemental compositions set forth in the example
embodiments below may contain a variety of, and any number of different
excipients.
Vitamin D
[0011] Vitamin D is a steroid hormone, known to have an important
role in regulating body levels of calcium and phosphorus, and in
mineralization of bone. Vitamin D is particularly important for
the absorption of calcium from the stomach and for the functioning
of calcium in the body. Thus, vitamin D is particularly important
for strong bones and teeth.
[0012] Vitamin D is also known as cholecalciferol, which is generated
in the skin of animals when light energy is absorbed by a precursor
molecule 7-dehydrocholesterol. Cholecalciferol is used as a dietary
supplement to treat and/or prevent low levels of vitamin D in the
body.
[0013] Although the present invention is not to be limited by any
theoretical explanation, it is believed that vitamin D is highly
involved in mineral metabolism, as well as bone growth and function.
It has been shown that vitamin D effectively facilitates intestinal
absorption of calcium, and stimulates absorption of phosphate and
magnesium ions. In the absence of vitamin D, dietary calcium may
not be absorbed efficiently. Vitamin D stimulates the expression
of a number of proteins involved in transporting calcium from the
lumen of the intestine, across the epithelial cells and into blood.
[0014] As used herein, a serving of the supplement comprises from
about 0.000001 g to about 1 g of vitamin D per serving. More preferably,
a serving of the supplement comprises about 0.0000033 g or 132 IU
of vitamin D per serving.
Calci-Triplex.TM.
[0015] Calci-Triplex.TM. is proprietary dietary ingredient blend
which comprises Calcium, Calcium Carbonate, Calcium Hydroxycitrate
(from, e.g., Super CitriMax.RTM.) and Whey Mineral Complex (currently
from TruCal.RTM. D50). Moreover, Calci-Triplex.TM. comprises dairy-source
ingredients high in calcium and other important bone-building mineral
such as phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, zinc, copper, and iron.
As used herein, serving of the supplement comprises from about 0.1
g to about 5 g of Calci-Triplex.TM.. More preferably, a serving
of the supplement comprises from about 0.1 g to about 2 g of Calci-Triplex.TM.
per serving.
[0016] Although the following example illustrates the practice
of the present invention in one embodiment, the example should not
be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Other embodiments
will be apparent to one skilled in the art from consideration of
the specification and the following examples.
[0017] Calcium Carbonate
[0018] Calcium carbonate is a colorless or white crystalline compound,
CaCO.sub.3, occurring naturally as chalk, limestone, marble, and
other forms and used in a wide variety of manufactured products
including dentifrices and medicines.
[0019] Although the present invention is not to be limited by any
theoretical explanation, it is believed that increased calcium intake
has a significant effect on body weight and body fat. Studies show
a consistent effect of higher calcium intakes, expressed as lower
body fat and/or body weight, and reduced weight gain at midlife.
Specifically, calcium may assist in weight loss, weight management,
regulation of metabolism, and the breakdown of fat. Studies show
that increasing dietary calcium speeds up weight and fat loss. In
a comparison trial, both the diets, either high in calcium or low
in calcium, produced significant weight and fat loss. Weight and
fat loss with respect to the high dairy diet were approximately
2-fold higher (p<0.01), and loss of lean body mass was markedly
reduced (p<0.001) compared with the low dairy diet. This study
purports to show that employing calcium-rich foods in isocaloric
diets reduced adiposity and improved metabolic profiles in obese
African Americans (Zemel et al., 2005). Additionally, calcium carbonate
facilitates the prevention and treatment of calcium deficiencies,
and thereby facilitates bone formations and maintenance.
[0020] Furthermore, Zemel et al., 2005b, purports to show that
an isocaloric substitution of yogurt (diary) for other foods can
significantly reduce central adiposity during energy restriction
and therefore augment fat loss. This was purportedly shown by the
use of control subjects (400-500 mg Ca/day), or yogurt diet (1100
mg Ca/day) with the dairy macronutritents controlled to the United
States average values. After 12 weeks, fat loss was markedly increased
in the yogurt group, and mean tissue loss was also increased in
the yogurt group by 31%. Compared to the control group, an 81% increase
in trunk fat loss was also purported to be seen in the yogurt group,
this resulted in decrease in waist diameter in yogurt group (Zemel
et al., 2005b). Moreover, in 2004, Zemel and his colleagues purported
to show that calcium and dairy supplementation accelerated fat and
weight loss during a 24 week controlled study. Subjects on high-dairy
diet (1200-1300 mg Ca/day) reportedly lost 70% more weight than
those on the standard diet of 400-500 mg Ca/day and subjects on
the calcium enriched, but non-dairy diet lost on 26% more weight
than those on the standard diet. Therefore, this study purports
to show that calcium supplementation significantly increases weight
loss and that calcium supplementation from diary sources exerts
a substantially greater effect of the weight and fat loss (Zemel
et al., 2004).
[0021] U.S. Pat. No. 6,384,087, incorporated herein by reference
in its entirety, purports to disclose a method of inducing the loss
of adipose tissues by providing a high calcium diet in the form
of dairy products or as calcium carbonate. The patent purports that
the invention acts via stimulating lipolysis, inhibiting lipogenesis,
and increasing the expression of uncoupling protein 2 in white adipose
tissue. The patent also purports to disclose a method for increasing
the core temperature of an individual.
[0022] As used herein, a serving of the supplement comprises from
about 0.01 g to about 10 g of calcium carbonate per serving. More
preferably, a serving of the supplement comprises from about 0.05
g to about 2 g of calcium carbonate per serving. Most preferably,
a serving of the supplement comprises about 0.558 g of calcium carbonate
per serving.
Phosphorus
[0023] Phosphorus is known to help conserve calcium by decreasing
the amount of calcium that is lost in the urine. Moreover, in bone,
phosphorus is part of calcium phosphate which is a major contributor
to the formation of bone, thereby, leading to the development of
strong and healthy bones and teeth (Groff, 1999).
[0024] Although not wishing to be bound by theoretical explanation,
it is believed that phosphorus is desirable for the control of excretion
of calcium, thereby leading to weight loss, as well the maintenance
and development of strong bone and teeth. In the absence of phosphorus,
calcium is excreted in the urine more readily.
[0025] As used herein, a serving of the supplement comprises from
about 0.001 g to about 1 g of phosphorus per serving. More preferably,
a serving of the supplement comprises from about 0.01 g to about
0.05 g of phosphorus per serving currently from TruCal.RTM. D50
as noted below.
Chromium Polynicotinate
[0026] Chromium plays a role in the metabolism of glucose, and
is necessary for energy production. Since this mineral assists in
the production of insulin, it helps to stabilize blood sugar levels
and can be beneficial both for people with hypoglycemia and diabetes.
It is also important to the synthesis of cholesterol, fats, and
proteins.
[0027] Chromium polynicotinate may be more effective than other
types of chromium, as it binds the elemental chromium to niacin
(vitamin B-3), thus also known as niacin-bound chromium. This provides
a biologically active form of chromium, which is more absorbable
in the body.
[0028] Although the present invention is not to be limited by any
theoretical explanation, it is believed that chromium is mainly
used to stabilize blood sugar. The major role for chromium with
respect to weight loss is to correct insulin resistance caused by
a deficiency in chromium. Studies have shown that chromium is at
the heart of a biologically active complex called Glucose Tolerance
Factor or "GTF", which is responsible for potentiating
(increasing) the action of insulin in the body. Insulin is a vital
hormone responsible for transporting glucose inside cells and maintaining
proper blood sugar and blood lipid (cholesterol) levels in the body.
Chromium helps insulin metabolize fat, turn protein into muscle,
and convert sugar into energy.
[0029] As used herein, a serving of the supplement comprises from
about 0.00001 g to about 1 g of chromium polynicotinate per serving.
More preferably, a serving of the supplement comprises from about
0.0001 g to about 0.5 g of chromium polynicotinate per serving.
Most preferably, a serving of the supplement comprises about 0.00133
g chromium polynicotinate (0.000133 of elemental chromium) per serving.
Potassium
[0030] Potassium is known to have an effect on the urinary excretion
of calcium, in that it decreases the excretion of calcium. Deficiencies
in potassium can be manifested in symptoms such as muscle weakness,
mental apathy, and bone fragility (Groff, 1999).
[0031] Although not wishing to be bound by theoretical explanation,
it is believed that potassium is desirable for the retention of
calcium, leading to weight loss, and for the promotion of weight
loss as well as strong, healthy bone and teeth. As used herein,
a serving of the supplement comprises from about 0.1 g to about
2 g of potassium per serving. More preferably, the supplement comprises
from about 0.2 g to about 0.7 g of potassium per serving from, e.g.,
Super CitriMax.RTM..
A. TrimSource.TM.
[0032] TrimSource.TM. is a proprietary dietary ingredient blend
which is comprised of Garcinia Cambogia Extract from, e.g., Super
CitriMax.RTM. (standardized for 60% (-) hydroxycitric acid), Gymnema
Sylvestre Extract (standardized for 25% gymnemic acids) and Grape
Skin Extract (standardized for 20% proanthocyanidins). As used herein,
a serving of the supplement comprises from about 0.01 g to about
10 g of TrimSource.TM. per serving. More preferably, a serving of
the supplement comprises from about 0.05 g to about 6 g of TrimSource.TM.
per serving.
A.1. Garcinia Cambogia (Hydroxycitric Acid and/or Various Salts)
[0033] According to various embodiments of the present invention,
the supplemental dietary composition includes garcinia cambogia
alone or as various salts e.g., mono-, di-, tri-, or poly salts
of garcinia cambogia (standardized, but not limited to e.g., 50%;
60% hydroxycitric acid). Advantageously, these ingredients may be
provided as, but not limited to, e.g., full strength Super CitriMax.RTM.
from InterHealth N.I. (garcinia cambogia and its calcium/potassium
salts).
[0034] Super CitriMax.RTM. is an all-natural, safe and effective
plant extract used as diet ingredients. Extracted from the South
Asian fruit Garcinia cambogia, Super CitriMax.RTM. contains standardized
levels of (-) hydroxycitric acid (HCA), which has been clinically
shown to suppress appetite and inhibit fat production, without stimulating
the central nervous system. More recently, researchers have shown
that clinical strength doses of Super CitriMax.RTM., as aforementioned
in TrimSource.TM., may be an even more powerful, all-natural diet
aid for reducing and/or maintaining weight.
[0035] Garcinia cambogia, also known as Garcinia cambogia or Mangosteen
oil tree, contains a biologically active compound, which is known
to inhibit the synthesis of lipids and fatty acids and lower the
formation of Low Density Lipoproteins LDL and triglycerides. Garcinia
cambogia also contains significant amounts of Vitamin C.
[0036] Although the present invention is not to be limited by any
theoretical explanation, it is believed that garcinia cambogia may
inhibit the conversion of excess calories to body fat, and may aid
in the control of obesity and cholesterol.
[0037] Additionally, appetite may also be suppressed by the promotional
effect of garcinia cambogia on the synthesis of glycogen. Glycogen
is the stored form of glucose, one of the body's primary sources
of energy. Increased glycogen production and storage is the body's
normal way of signaling satiety to the brain.
Studies have shown that hydroxycitric acid, the principal active
ingredient from garcinia cambogia fruit, effectively curbs or controls
appetite and inhibits fatty acid synthesis (production) in animals.
[0038] Moreover, in pilot study (-) hydroxycitric acid alone or
in combination with niacin-bound chromium and Gymnema Sylvestre
it was found that HCA reduces appetite, inhibits fat synthesis and
decreases body weight without stimulating the central nervous system
(Preuss et al., 2004). Moreover, in a second study by Preuss et
al., 2004b, it was confirmed that HCA alone, or in combination with
Gymnema sylvestre and niacin-bound chromium has an effect of inducing
weight loss in moderately obese subjects. Groups treated with either
HCA, or HCA with Gymnema sylvestre and niacin-bound chromium showed
a 5-6% decrease in BMI and body weight over the course of the 8-week
study compared to a control group (Preuss at al., 2004b). Additionally,
these subjects also showed a decrease in LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides
and serum leptin levels, while High-Density Lipoproteins and excretion
of urinary fat metabolites increased in both treatment groups (Preuss
at al., 2004b). These two studies both show that HCA, alone or in
combination with Gymnema sylvestre and niacin-bound chromium can
serve as effective and safe weight loss aids while promoting healthy
blood lipid levels.
[0039] U.S. Pat. No. 6,638,542, incorporated by reference in its
entirety, discloses a method of manufacture and of Procyanidin,
optionally combined with hydroxycitric acid, is used in a method
for the reduction of appetite in a mammal.
[0040] U.S. Pat. No. 6,383,482, incorporated by reference in its
entirety, discloses a formulation containing green tea extract,
hydroxycitric acid, 5-hydroxytryptophan, glucomannan, chromium picolinate,
and Lactobacillus acidophilus for the purposes of weight loss via
increasing metabolic rates, suppressing appetite and helping to
burn fat.
[0041] U.S. Pat. No. 5,783,603, incorporated by reference in its
entirety, discloses a method of suppressing appetite and causing
weight loss by administering hydroxycitric acid in the form of its
potassium salt extracted from Garcinia fruit. Moreover, methods
of inhibiting cytoplasmic citric lyase and increasing fat metabolism
in a patient are also described.
[0042] As used herein, a serving of the supplement comprises from
about 0.01 g to about 10 g of garcinia cambogia per serving. More
preferably, a serving of the supplement comprises from about 0.05
g to about 2 g of garcinia cambogia per serving. Most preferably,
a serving of the supplement comprises about 1.55550 g of garcinia
cambogia per serving. Approximately 60% of the garcinia cambogia
may be hydroxycitric acid.
A.2. Gymnema Sylvestre
[0043] Gymnema sylvestre, is comprised in TrimSource.TM., also
known as Gurmar and Meshashringi, has long been known to have hypoglycemic
(blood sugar-lowering) properties. The leaf extracts contain gymnemic
acid, which inhibits hyperglycemia and also acts as a cardiovascular
stimulant.
[0044] Although the present invention is not to be limited by any
theoretical explanation, it is believed that gymnema raises insulin
levels by regeneration of the cells in the pancreas that secrete
insulin. Studies have shown that gymnema also improves uptake of
glucose into cells by increasing the activity of the glucose utilizing
enzymes, and prevents adrenaline from stimulating the liver to produce
glucose, thereby reducing blood sugar levels. Gymnema is also noted
for lowering serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and for
its ability to suppress appetite and cravings for sweetness due
to its ability to abolish the taste of sugar.
[0045] As used herein, a serving of the supplement comprises from
about 0.01 g to about 10 g of gymnema sylvestre per serving. More
preferably, a serving of the supplement comprises from about 0.05
g to about 2 g of gymnema sylvestre per serving. Most preferably,
a serving of the supplement comprises about 0.133 g of gymnema sylvestre
per serving comprising 25% gymnemic acids.
A.3. Grape Skin Extract
[0046] Grape skin extract, included in TrimSource.TM., is derived
from the skin of grapes and is a concentration of the pure oligomeric
proanthocyanidins found in grape skins. Grape skin is rich in proanthocyanidin
flavonoids, which have demonstrated a number of important biochemical
properties such as acting as free-radical scavengers, thereby helping
in resistance to blood vessel damage and skin damage, inhibiting
inflammatory enzymes, and inhibiting histamine formation. Grape
skin extract is mainly used as a supplement for anti-oxidant health
products.
[0047] Although the present invention is not to be limited by any
theoretical explanation, it is believed that grape skin extract
may improve circulation and capillary activity because grape skin
extract contains natural free radical scavengers and bioflavonoid
complexes which are rapidly absorbed and distributed throughout
the body.
[0048] Studies have shown that grape skin extract may work with
glutathione to restore oxidized vitamin C, cross the blood barrier
to provide potent antioxidant protection to the brain and spinal
nerves, remove lipfuscin and prevent its formation in the brain
and heart, thereby conferring anti-aging benefits, bind to collagen
fibers, thereby increasing elasticity and flexibility in muscles,
tendons, and ligaments, and act as a smooth muscle relaxant in blood
vessels, to combat hypertension. Additionally, studies have shown
that, in vitro, the antioxidant power of grape skin extract may
be 50 times greater than vitamin E and 20 times greater than vitamin
C.
[0049] As used herein, a serving of the supplemental dietary composition
preferably comprises from about 0.01 g to about 5 g of grape skin
extract per serving. More preferably, a serving of the supplemental
composition comprises from about 0.05 g to about 2 g of grape skin
extract per serving. Most preferably, a serving of the supplemental
composition comprises 0.02 g of grape skin extract per serving.
B. SourceCal.TM.
[0050] SourceCal.TM. is a proprietary dietary ingredient blend
which comprises Caffeine-free Green Tea Extract (standardized for
95% polyphenols [70% catechins (45% epigallocatechin gallate, 10%
epicatechin gallate, 8% epigallocatechin, 4% epicatechin, 3% gallocatechin
gallate--90 mg EGCG), Whey mineral complex (currently from TruCal.RTM.
D50 also supplying phosphorus and a source of Calcium), American
Ginseng (standardized for 3% ginsenosides [as Panax quinquefolius]),
and Policosanol. As used herein, a serving of the supplement comprises
from about 0.001 g to about 5 g of SourceCal.TM.. More preferably,
a serving of the supplement comprises from about 0.1 g to about
1 g of SourceCal.TM. per serving.
B.1. Caffeine Free Green Tea
[0051] Green tea (camellia sinesis), which is included in SourceCal.TM.,
is a naturally rich source of antioxidants and contains natural
antioxidant compounds known as polyphenols. As used herein, green
tea preferably refers to 45% extract, caffeine-free.
[0052] Although the present invention is not to be limited by any
theoretical explanation, it is believed that green tea extract increases
metabolic rate and fat oxidation, and decreases appetite. Studies
have shown that green tea extract increases the metabolic rate by
up to 4%, and the increase in fat oxidation was higher than in subjects
who used a placebo or caffeine. In addition, this stimulation of
thermogenesis, resulting from an increase in metabolic rate and
fat oxidation by the green tea extract was not accompanied by an
increase in heart rate. Other studies have found that green tea
caused rats to lose up to 21% of their body weight due to a reduction
in appetite. The rats consumed up to 60% less food after seven days
of daily injections with a green tea extract.
[0053] As used herein, a serving of the supplement comprises from
about 0.01 g to about 10 g of green tea extract per serving. More
preferably, a serving of the supplement comprises from about 0.05
g to about 2 g of green tea extract per serving. Most preferably,
a serving of the supplement comprises about 0.2 g of green tea extract
per serving.
B.2. Ginseng
[0054] As used herein, Ginseng preferably refers to American Ginseng
(Panax quinquefolium L.), or Korean Ginseng (Panax Ginseng) or Siberian
Ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus) and derivatives thereof is
comprised in SourceCal.TM.. Most preferably ginseng refers to American
Ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) and derivatives thereof.
[0055] Although the present invention is not to be limited by any
theoretical explanation, it is believed that that ginseng stimulates
the production of nitric oxide.
[0056] As used herein, a serving of the supplemental dietary composition
preferably comprises from about 0.001 g to about 0.5 g of American
ginseng or Korean ginseng per serving. More preferably, a serving
of the supplemental composition comprises from about 0.01 g to about
0.1 g of American ginseng per serving. Most preferably, a serving
of the supplemental composition comprises 0.01000 g of American
ginseng per serving.
B.3. Policosanol
[0057] Policosanol refers to a unique natural product, a mixture
of solid long chain alcohols (waxes) derived from sugar cane wax.
The long-chain alcohols found in policosanol are present in many
foods of plant origin. Supplemental policosanol is typically extracted
from sugar cane wax or beeswax.
[0058] Although the present invention is not to be limited by any
theoretical explanation, it is believed that policosanol is effective
at reducing cholesterol levels. Research has also shown that policosanol
reduces cardiac risk factors by inhibiting platelet aggregation,
and inhibiting the development of atherosclerosis. In addition,
other studies have shown policosanol is a very promising phytochemical
alternative to classic lipid-lowering agents such as statins.
[0059] As used herein, a serving of the supplement comprises from
about 0.0001 g to about 5 g of policosanol per serving. More preferably,
a serving of the supplement comprises from about 0.0005 g to about
2 g of policosanol per serving. Most preferably, a serving of the
supplement comprises about 0.001 g policosanol per serving.
EXAMPLE 1
[0060] A serving of the supplemental dietary composition may include,
but is not limited to, the following ingredients. Suggested directions
are also provided. TABLE-US-00001 Ingredient # Ingredient Amount
1 Vitamin D 132 IU 2 Calcium Carbonate.dagger-dbl..dagger-dbl. 404
mg (as 3 Calcium elemental Hydroxycitrate***.dagger-dbl..dagger-dbl.
calcium) 4 Whey Mineral Complex.dagger-dbl..dagger-dbl. 5 Phosphorus
13.7 mg (elemental Phosphorus) 6 Chromium Polynicotinate** 133 mcg
(elemental Chromium) 7 Potassium*** as 218 mg hydroxycitrate (elemental
Potassium) 8 TrimSource .TM. Garcinia 1.7 g Cambogia Extract***
Gymnema Sylvestre Extract Grape Seed Extract 9 SourceCal .TM. Caffeine-free
276 mg Green Tea Extract Whey Mineral Complex.dagger-dbl..dagger-dbl.
American Ginseng Policosanol **ChromaTech .TM. ***Super CitriMax
.TM. containing double salts of garcinia cambogia. .dagger-dbl..dagger-dbl.Calci-Triplex
.TM.
[0061] A serving of the dietary supplement, take 3 caplets with
an 8 oz. glass of water 3 times daily, approximately 30 to 60 minutes
before meals (preferably with breakfast, lunch and dinner). Do not
exceed 3 caplets in a 4-hour period and/or 9 caplets in a 24-hour
period. To assess individual tolerance, the following chart may
be provided: TABLE-US-00002 Day 1 to Day 3 1 caplet, 3X daily Day
4 to Day 7 2 caplets, 3X daily Day 8 and beyond 3 caplets, 3X daily
[0062] While the present invention has been particularly described,
in conjunction with specific example embodiments thereof, it is
evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will
be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing
description. It is therefore contemplated that the appended claims
will embrace any such alternatives, modifications and variations
as falling within the true scope and spirit of the present invention. |